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Diquat dibromide - Identification, toxicity, use, water pollution potential, ecological toxicity and regulatory information

Note: See Working with the Information on this Page section below for important notes about this data.

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Chemical ID
 Identifying information, including synonyms, ID numbers, use type, chemical classification, a link to a list of all products containing this chemical and a list of the top crops this pesticide is used on in California.
Poisoning Symptoms
 Signs and symptoms of poisoning, first aid, and links to treatment information for this chemical.
Toxicity
 Link to information on toxicity to humans, including carcinogenicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, and acute toxicity.
Regulatory
 Links to world-wide registration status as well as regulatory information for the U.S. and California.
Water
 Water quality standards and physical properties affecting water contamination potential.
Ecotoxicity
 Toxicity to aquatic organisms.
Related Chems
 List of chemicals in the same family, including breakdown products, salts, esters, isomers, and other derivatives.
 

Chemical Identification and Use for Diquat dibromide
Basic Identification Information About This Chemical
Chemical Name: Diquat dibromide
CAS Number: 85-00-7
U.S. EPA PC Code: 032201
CA DPR Chem Code: 229
Molecular Weight: 343.95
Molecular Structure:
Use Type: Dessicant , Herbicide
Chem Class: Bipyridylium
View Related Chemicals
 
Additional Resources About This Chemical Class and Use Type

See the Global Pesticide Resources page for many additional links.
Historical Use of this Chemical
Top five crops and sites for this pesticide in California
Right of Way   Alfalfa for Forage   Landscape   Potatoes   Aquatic Area  
View All Crops and Sites
 
Other Names for this Chemical
About Chemical Synonyms
00229 (CA DPR Chem Code Text) , 00229 (CA DPR Chem Code) , 032201 (US EPA PC Code Text) , 1,1'-Ethylene-2,2'-dipyridylium dibromide , 229 (CA DPR Chem Code) , 229 (CA DPR Chem Code) , 32201 (US EPA PC Code) , 6,7-Dihydrodipyrido(1,2-a:2',1'-c)pyrazinediium dibromide , 85-00-7 (CAS number) , 85007 , 85007 (CAS number without hyphens) , 9,10-Dihydro-8a,10a-diazoniaphenanthrene dibromide , Aquacide , DDB , Deiquat , Deiquat (Dibromid) , Dextrone , Dibrometo De Diquate , DibrometoDeDiquate , dikvat dibromid , Dipyrido(1,2-a:2',1'-c)pyrazinediium, 6,7-dihydro-, dibromide , Diquat , Diquat bromide , Diquat dibromid , Diquat dibromide , Diquat present as Diquat dibromide , Diquat-dibromid , Diquatdibromid , Diquatdibromide , Diquate , Diquato , diquato(dibrometo) , Ethylene dipyridylium dibromide , FB 2 , Reglone , Reglox , Weedkiller Conc. D , Weedtrine D
 
Products Containing This Chemical
Current and historic U.S. registered products
View U.S. Products All Products Currently Registered Products
 

Signs and Symptoms of Diquat dibromide Poisoning

NOTE! There may be other diseases and chemicals that have similar symptoms.

If you have a poisoning emergency in the United States call 1-800-222-1222.
If the victim has collapsed or is unconscious, call 911.

Diquat dibromide is a Bipyridylium compound.

Report a Poisoning
Symptoms of Poisoning with Bipyridylium Compounds
Find Products Containing this Chemical

- Paraquat & Diquat: (Ingestion) - burning pain in the mouth, throat, chest, upper abdomen; pulmonary edema, pancreatitis, renal damage, CNS effects.
- Paraquat (dermal): dry and fissured hands, horizontal ridging or loss of fingernails, ulceration and abrasion. Diarrhea, sometimes bloody, can occur. Central Nervous System effects include giddiness, headache, fever, myalgia, lethargy and coma. Pulmonay fibrosis is the usual cause of death.
- Diquat: neurologic toxicity (nervousness, irritability, restlessness, combativeness, disorientation, nonsensical statements, inability to recognize friends or family members, diminished reflexes). Intense nausea, vomiting and diarrhea may occur.

Source for Group Symptoms: Recognition and Management of Pesticide Poisoning, 5th edition, U.S. EPA, Chapter 12.
Treatment for Bipyridylium Poisoning

See: Recognition and Management of Pesticide Poisoning, 5th edition, U.S. EPA, Chapter 12, page 113.

 
Symptoms of Diquat dibromide Exposure from the International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC)

Report a Poisoning
View full ICSC Cards: English   Español   Française   Chinese   Dutch   Finnish   German   Hungarian   Japanese   Swahili   Thai   Urdu  
NOTE! PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! STRICT HYGIENE!
 General First Aid: IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Route of Exposure

Symptoms

First Aid
Inhalation Cough. Sore throat. Fresh air rest. Refer for medical attention.
Skin Redness. First rinse with plenty of water then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again. Refer for medical attention.
Eyes Redness. Pain. First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible) then take to a doctor.
Ingestion Abdominal pain. Diarrhoea. Nausea. Vomiting. Ulcerations in the mouth. (Further see Inhalation). Rinse mouth. or bentonite clay in water or give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Induce vomiting (ONLY IN CONSCIOUS PERSONS!). Give plenty of water to drink Refer for medical attention.
Notes for ICSC Information
The toxicological information is the same for diquat dibromide monohydrate (CAS 6385-62-2) and diquat (CAS 2764-72-9). If the substance is formulated with solvents also consult the ICSCs of these materials. Carrier solvents used in commercial formulations may change physical and toxicological properties. Do NOT take working clothes home.
Symptoms of Diquat dibromide Exposure from Other Sources

- Burning pain in mouth, throat, chest, and upper abdomen.
- Pulmonary edema, pancreatitis, and renal injury.
- Diarrhea, giddiness, headache, fever, myalgia, lethargy, and coma.
- Neurologic toxicity: headache; confusion, excitement, mania, disorientation, emotional lability; depression, stupor, coma, respiratory failure, often without convulsions.

Source for Symptoms: Recognition and Management of Pesticide Poisoning, 5th edition, U.S. EPA, Chapter 12. March 1999. (EPA R&M)

First Aid for Diquat dibromide Poisoning

No first aid available for this particular chemical. Get medical aid.

Source for First Aid: (ICSC)

Treatment for Diquat dibromide Poisoning

See: Recognition and Management of Pesticide Poisoning, 5th edition, U.S. EPA, Chapter 12. (EPA R&M)

 
 

Toxicity Information for Diquat dibromide

  Note: Information for many chemicals is incomplete and may not be fully representative of effects on humans. Why?

Summary Toxicity Information

PAN Bad Actor
Chemical 1 		Acute
Toxicity 2 		Carcinogen Cholinesterase
Inhibitor 		Ground
Water Contaminant 		Developmental or
Reproductive Toxin 		Endocrine
Disruptor
Not Likely No Potential
 
Indicates high toxicity in the given toxicological category. Indicates no available weight-of-the-evidence summary assessment. For additional information on toxicity from scientific journals or registration documents, see the "Additional Resources for Toxicity " section of the chemical detail page.
1. PAN Bad Actors are chemicals that are one or more of the following: highly acutely toxic, cholinesterase inhibitor, known/probable carcinogen, known groundwater pollutant or known reproductive or developmental toxicant. NOTE! Because there are no authoritative lists of Endocrine Disrupting (ED) chemicals, EDs are not yet considered PAN Bad Actor chemicals.
2. The acute toxicity reported on this page is of the pure chemical ingredient only and may not reflect the acute toxicity of individual pesticide products. To view acute toxicity of individual products, click on 'View Products' link in the 'Chemical Identification' section above.

Additional Resources about the Toxicity of this Chemical

See the Global Pesticide Resources page for many additional links.

Detailed Toxicity Information
Acute Toxicity 2
 Diquat dibromide
WHO Acute Hazard
TRI Acute Hazard
Material Safety Data Sheets
Acute rating from U.S. EPA product label
U.S. NTP Acute Toxicity Studies
      View Studies
Cholinesterase Inhibitor		 Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Available
Highly Toxic
Moderately Toxic

No
2. The acute toxicity reported on this page is of the pure chemical ingredient only and may not reflect the acute toxicity of individual pesticide products. To view acute toxicity of individual products, click on 'View Products' link in the 'Chemical Identification' section above.
 
Cancer Information
 Diquat dibromide
IARC Carcinogens
U.S. NTP Carcinogens
California Prop 65 Known Carcinogens
U.S. EPA Carcinogens
TRI Carcinogen		 Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
E, Unlikely
Not Listed
 
Endocrine Disruption
 Diquat dibromide
Illinois EPA list
Keith list
Colborn list
Benbrook list
Danish Inert list
EU list		 Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
 
Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity
 Diquat dibromide
CA Prop 65 Developmental Toxin
U.S. TRI Developmental Toxin
CA Prop 65 Female Reproductive Toxin
CA Prop 65 Male Reproductive Toxin
U.S. TRI Reproductive Toxin 		Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
 
Chemicals of Special Concern
 Diquat dibromide
PAN Bad Actors
PAN Dirty Dozen list		 Yes
Not Listed
 

Water Pollution Potential and Criteria for Diquat dibromide

Water Pollution Potential

PAN Ground Water Contaminant Rating Potential
 
Physical Property Data Related to Water Contamination Potential
Water Solubility (Avg, mg/L)
Adsorption Coefficient (Koc)
Hydrolysis Half-life (Avg, Days)
Aerobic Soil Half-life (Avg, Days)
Anaerobic Soil Half-life (Avg, Days) 		677,000
353,000
30.0
3,450
1,060 		 
 

Water Standards and Criteria
U.S. National Drinking Water Standards and Health Criteria
 µg/L unless noted  
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) 20.0  
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) 20.0  
One Day Exposure Health Advisory Level  
Ten Day Exposure Health Advisory Level  
Lifetime Exposure Health Advisory Level  
Reference Dose 5.00 (µg/kg/day)  
U.S. Drinking Water Equivalent Level 20.0  
Concentration with Lifetime Cancer Risk of 1 in 10,000  
Canada Drinking Water Standards and Criteria
 µg/L unless noted  
Maximum Acceptable Concentration (MAC) 70.0
Interim Maximum Acceptable Concentration (IMAC)
Aesthetic Objectives
WHO Water Quality Criteria
Description Rarely found in drinking-water, but may be used as an aquatic herbicide for the control of free-floating and submerged aquatic weeds in ponds, lakes and irrigation ditches
Notes Notes: n
 

Regulatory Information for Diquat dibromide

International Regulatory Status
Registration in Selected Countries Registration in Selected Countries:
Diquat dibromide
 
UNEP Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP)
UNEP Prior Informed Consent Chemical (PIC)
WHO Obsolete Pesticide		 Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
 

U.S. and California Regulatory Status
U.S. EPA Registered
U.S. EPA Hazardous Air Pollutant
U.S. EPA Minimum Risk Pesticide (25b list)

CA Registered
CA Groundwater Contaminant
CA Toxic Air Contaminant 		Yes
Not Listed
No

Yes
Potential
In Evaluation
 

Maximum Tolerance and Residue Levels
Codex Alimentarius
   (UN FAO Maximum Residue Limits)
U.S. Maximum Tolerance Levels
European Union Maximum Residue Levels 		Go to web site

Go to web site
Go to web site
 

Ecotoxicity for Diquat dibromide

Note! Information for many chemicals is incomplete and may not be fully representative of effects on the environment. Why? Click on underlined terms for definitions and additional information.

Aquatic Ecotoxicity
All Toxic Effects for Organism Group
Organism Group Effects Noted
Amphibians Biochemistry, Development, Growth, Mortality, Population
AquaticPlants Accumulation, Biochemistry, Growth, Injury, Morphology, Mortality, Physiology, Population, Reproduction
Crustaceans Mortality
Fish Accumulation, Avoidance, Behavior, Biochemistry, Enzyme(s), Genetics, Growth, Morphology, Mortality, No Effect Coded, Physiology, Population
Fungi Population
Insects Mortality, Population
Molluscs Development, Growth, Intoxication, Mortality, Reproduction
NematodesandFlatworms Mortality
Phytoplankton Biochemistry, Cell(s), Ecosystem Process, Growth, Mortality, Physiology, Population, Reproduction
Zooplankton Accumulation, Intoxication, Mortality, Population
~ Un-Assigned Accumulation, Biochemistry, Growth, Physiology, Population
View All Aquatic Ecotoxicity Studies and References
 
Summary of Acute Toxicity for Organism Group
Organism Group Average Acute Toxicity Acute Toxicity Range
Amphibians Not Acutely Toxic Not Acutely Toxic
Crustaceans Slightly Toxic
Fish Not Acutely Toxic Not Acutely Toxic to Slightly Toxic
Molluscs Moderately Toxic Slight to Moderate Toxicity
NematodesandFlatworms Slightly Toxic Slight Toxicity
Zooplankton Slightly Toxic Slight to Moderate Toxicity
View All Acute Summaries
 

Terrestrial Ecotoxicity
Summary of Acute Toxicity for Organism Group
Organism Group Average Acute Toxicity Acute Toxicity Range
HoneybeesSlightly ToxicSlightly Toxic
Note: Population-level effects on honeybees may occur even if a pesticide has low acute toxicity. For example, certain pesticides interfere with honeybee reproduction, ability to navigate, or temperature regulation, any of which can have an effect on long-term survival of honeybee colonies. The neonicotinoids, pyrethroids and keto-enol pesticides are some types of pesticides causing one or more of these effects.
Honeybee Chronic Toxicity

Sorry, no honeybee chronic toxicity data available for this chemical. Try related chemicals.

Related Chemicals for Diquat dibromide
CAS Number Relation Reason Chemical Name Chem Detail Registration Symptoms California Use Chem Use Type U.S. EPA Reg PAN Bad Actor
85-00-7 Parent P Diquat dibromide View View View View Herbicide, Dessicant Yes Yes
27041-82-3 Related 1 Diquat bistribromide View View View View Herbicide No Not Listed
2764-72-9 Related 1 Diquat ion View View View View No Not Listed
78403-23-3 Related 13 Priglone (diquat dibromide w/paraquat ion) View View View View No Not Listed
 
Working with the Information on this Page

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* Data marked with an asterisk indicates that this chemical is not explicitly listed on the corresponding list. Instead, it belongs to a group of chemicals that IS designated on the list. For example, if an agency assigns a classification of reproductive toxicant to "mercury compounds", that classification is applied to all mercury compounds in the PAN Pesticide database, which are then marked with an asterisk.

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Citation: Kegley, S.E., Hill, B.R., Orme S., Choi A.H., PAN Pesticide Database, Pesticide Action Network, North America (San Francisco, CA, 2010), http:www.pesticideinfo.org.
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