Chlorpyrifos - toxicity, ecological toxicity and regulatory information

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Chlorpyrifos - Identification, toxicity, use, water pollution potential, ecological toxicity and regulatory information

Note: See Working with the Information on this Page section below for important notes about this data.
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Chemical ID	Identifying information, including synonyms, ID numbers, use type, chemical classification, a link to a list of all products containing this chemical and a list of the top crops this pesticide is used on in California.
Poisoning Symptoms	Signs and symptoms of poisoning, first aid, and links to treatment information for this chemical.
Toxicity	Link to information on toxicity to humans, including carcinogenicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, and acute toxicity.
Regulatory	Links to world-wide registration status as well as regulatory information for the U.S. and California.
Water	Water quality standards and physical properties affecting water contamination potential.
Ecotoxicity	Toxicity to aquatic organisms.
Related Chems	List of chemicals in the same family, including breakdown products, salts, esters, isomers, and other derivatives.

Chemical Identification and Use for Chlorpyrifos

Basic Identification Information About This Chemical
Chemical Name:	Chlorpyrifos
CAS Number:	2921-88-2
U.S. EPA PC Code:	059101
CA DPR Chem Code:	253
Molecular Weight:	350.62
Molecular Structure:
Use Type:	Insecticide , Nematicide
Chem Class:	Organophosphorus
View Related Chemicals

Additional Resources About This Chemical Class and Use Type
See the Global Pesticide Resources page for many additional links.

Historical Use of this Chemical Top five crops and sites for this pesticide in California
Almonds Walnuts Alfalfa for Forage Oranges Wine Grapes View All Crops and Sites

Other Names for this Chemical About Chemical Synonyms
00253 (CA DPR Chem Code Text) , 00253 (CA DPR Chem Code) , 059101 (US EPA PC Code Text) , 160 (PDP Code) , 253 (CA DPR Chem Code) , 253 (CA DPR Chem Code) , 2921-88-2 (CAS number) , 2921882 , 2921882 (CAS number without hyphens) , 59101 (US EPA PC Code) , Brodan , Chloorpyrifos , Chlopyrifos , Chloropyrifos , Chlorpyrifos , Chlorpyrifos , Chlorpyrifos (ANSI) , Chlorpyrifos-ethyl , Chlorpyrifos-ethyl , Chlorpyriphos , chlorpyriphos-ethyl , Chorlpyrifos , Clorpirifos , Detmol U.A. , Dowco 179 , Dursban , Dursban 4E , Dursban F , Dursban HF , Dursbank 6 (059101+069001+063501+067501+057001) , ENT 27311 , Eradex , Killmaster , Kl?rpirifosz , Lorsban , O,O-Diethyl O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) phosphorothioate , O,O-Diethyl-O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl) phosphorothioate , OMS 971 , Phosphorothioic acid, O,O-diethyl O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) ester , Pyrindol, 3,5,6-trichloro-, O-ester with O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate , Pyrinex , Super I.Q.A.P.T. , Trichlorpyrphos

Products Containing This Chemical Current and historic U.S. registered products
View U.S. Products All Products Currently Registered Products

Signs and Symptoms of Chlorpyrifos Poisoning

	NOTE! There may be other diseases and chemicals that have similar symptoms.
	If you have a poisoning emergency in the United States call 1-800-222-1222. If the victim has collapsed or is unconscious, call 911.

Chlorpyrifos is a Organophosphorus compound.

Report a Poisoning

Symptoms of Poisoning with Organophosphorus Compounds			Find Products Containing this Chemical
- Excessive salivation, sweating, rhinorrhea and tearing. - Muscle twitching, weakness, tremor, incoordination. - Headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea. - Respiratory depression, tightness in chest, wheezing, productive cough, fluid in lungs. - Pin-point pupils, sometimes with blurred or dark vision. - Severe cases: seizures, incontinence, respiratory depression, loss of consciousness. - Cholinesterase inhibition.
Source for Group Symptoms: Recognition and Management of Pesticide Poisoning, 5th edition, U.S. EPA, Chapter 4.
Treatment for Organophosphorus Poisoning
See: Recognition and Management of Pesticide Poisoning, 5th edition, U.S. EPA, Chapter 4, page 40.

Route of Exposure	Symptoms	First Aid
Symptoms of Chlorpyrifos Exposure from the International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC)		Report a Poisoning
View full ICSC Cards: English Español Française Chinese Dutch Finnish German Hungarian Japanese Swahili Thai Urdu
NOTE! STRICT HYGIENE! AVOID EXPOSURE OF ADOLESCENTS AND CHILDREN!		General First Aid: IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!
Inhalation	Convulsions. Dizziness. Sweating. Nausea. Unconsciousness. Vomiting. Pupillary constriction muscle cramp excessive salivation.	Fresh air rest. Artificial respiration if indicated. Refer for medical attention.
Skin	MAY BE ABSORBED! (Further see Inhalation).	Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention.
Eyes	Blurred vision.	First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible) then take to a doctor.
Ingestion	Abdominal cramps. Diarrhoea. Nausea. Unconsciousness. Vomiting. (See Inhalation).	Induce vomiting (ONLY IN CONSCIOUS PERSONS!). Rest. Refer for medical attention.
Notes for ICSC Information
Depending on the degree of exposure periodic medical examination is indicated. Specific treatment is necessary in case of poisoning with this substance; the appropriate means with instructions must be available. If the substance is formulated with solvent(s) also consult the card(s) (ICSC) of the solvent(s). Carrier solvents used in commercial formulations may change physical and toxicological properties. Do NOT take working clothes home. Dursban Dowco 179 Eradex Lorsban Pyrinex Coroban Danusban Terial are trade names.

Toxicity Information for Chlorpyrifos

Note: Information for many chemicals is incomplete and may not be fully representative of effects on humans. Why?

PAN Bad Actor Chemical¹	Acute Toxicity²	Carcinogen	Endocrine Disruptor
Summary Toxicity Information
	Moderate	Not Likely	Suspected

	Indicates high toxicity in the given toxicological category.	Indicates no available weight-of-the-evidence summary assessment. For additional information on toxicity from scientific journals or registration documents, see the "Additional Resources for Toxicity " section of the chemical detail page.
1. PAN Bad Actors are chemicals that are one or more of the following: highly acutely toxic, cholinesterase inhibitor, known/probable carcinogen, known groundwater pollutant or known reproductive or developmental toxicant. NOTE! Because there are no authoritative lists of Endocrine Disrupting (ED) chemicals, EDs are not yet considered PAN Bad Actor chemicals.
2. The acute toxicity reported on this page is of the pure chemical ingredient only and may not reflect the acute toxicity of individual pesticide products. To view acute toxicity of individual products, click on 'View Products' link in the 'Chemical Identification' section above.

Additional Resources about the Toxicity of this Chemical

See the Global Pesticide Resources page for many additional links.

Detailed Toxicity Information
Acute Toxicity ²	Chlorpyrifos
WHO Acute Hazard TRI Acute Hazard Material Safety Data Sheets Acute rating from U.S. EPA product label U.S. NTP Acute Toxicity Studies View Studies Cholinesterase Inhibitor	II, Moderately Hazardous Not Listed Not Available Moderately Toxic Slightly to Moderately Toxic Yes
2. The acute toxicity reported on this page is of the pure chemical ingredient only and may not reflect the acute toxicity of individual pesticide products. To view acute toxicity of individual products, click on 'View Products' link in the 'Chemical Identification' section above.

Cancer Information	Chlorpyrifos
IARC Carcinogens U.S. NTP Carcinogens California Prop 65 Known Carcinogens U.S. EPA Carcinogens TRI Carcinogen	Not Listed Not Listed Not Listed E, Unlikely Not Listed

Endocrine Disruption	Chlorpyrifos
Illinois EPA list Keith list Colborn list Benbrook list Danish Inert list EU list	Not Listed Yes Not Listed Yes Not listed Yes

Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity	Chlorpyrifos
CA Prop 65 Developmental Toxin U.S. TRI Developmental Toxin CA Prop 65 Female Reproductive Toxin CA Prop 65 Male Reproductive Toxin U.S. TRI Reproductive Toxin	Not Listed Not Listed Not Listed Not Listed Not Listed

Chemicals of Special Concern	Chlorpyrifos
PAN Bad Actors PAN Dirty Dozen list	Yes Not Listed

Water Pollution Potential and Criteria for Chlorpyrifos

Water Pollution Potential
PAN Ground Water Contaminant Rating	Insufficient Data

Physical Property Data Related to Water Contamination Potential
Water Solubility (Avg, mg/L) Adsorption Coefficient (Koc) Hydrolysis Half-life (Avg, Days) Aerobic Soil Half-life (Avg, Days) Anaerobic Soil Half-life (Avg, Days)	1.18 9,930 2,118 30.5 -

Water Standards and Criteria
U.S. National Drinking Water Standards and Health Criteria	�g/L unless noted
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)	0
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG)
One Day Exposure Health Advisory Level	30.0
Ten Day Exposure Health Advisory Level	30.0
Lifetime Exposure Health Advisory Level	2.00
Reference Dose	0.30 (�g/kg/day)
U.S. Drinking Water Equivalent Level	10.0
Concentration with Lifetime Cancer Risk of 1 in 10,000

Canada Drinking Water Standards and Criteria	�g/L unless noted
Maximum Acceptable Concentration (MAC)	90.0
Interim Maximum Acceptable Concentration (IMAC)
Aesthetic Objectives

WHO Water Quality Criteria
Concentration (μg/l unless otherwise noted)	30.0

Canadian Water Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life	�g/L unless noted
Fresh Water Guidelines	.0035
Salt Water Guidelines	0.002	Notes: c

Canadian Water Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Agricultural Water Uses	�g/L unless noted
Irrigation Water Guidelines
Livestock Water Guidelines	24 (interim)

Regulatory Information for Chlorpyrifos

International Regulatory Status
Registration in Selected Countries	Registration in Selected Countries: Chlorpyrifos

UNEP Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) UNEP Prior Informed Consent Chemical (PIC) WHO Obsolete Pesticide	Not Listed Not Listed Not Listed

U.S. and California Regulatory Status
U.S. EPA Registered U.S. EPA Hazardous Air Pollutant U.S. EPA Minimum Risk Pesticide (25b list) CA Registered CA Groundwater Contaminant CA Toxic Air Contaminant	Yes Not Listed No Yes Not Listed In Evaluation

Maximum Tolerance and Residue Levels
Codex Alimentarius (UN FAO Maximum Residue Limits) U.S. Maximum Tolerance Levels European Union Maximum Residue Levels	Go to web site Go to web site Go to web site

Ecotoxicity for Chlorpyrifos

Note! Information for many chemicals is incomplete and may not be fully representative of effects on the environment. Why? Click on underlined terms for definitions and additional information.

Aquatic Ecotoxicity

Organism Group	Effects Noted
All Toxic Effects for Organism Group
Amphibians	Accumulation, Avoidance, Behavior, Biochemistry, Development, Enzyme(s), Genetics, Growth, Morphology, Mortality
Annelida	Genetics, Intoxication, Mortality, Population
AquaticPlants	Accumulation, Biochemistry, Ecosystem Process, Physiology, Population
Cnidaria	Mortality, Population
Crustaceans	Accumulation, Behavior, Biochemistry, Enzyme(s), Feeding Behavior, Genetics, Growth, Intoxication, Mortality, No Effect Coded, Physiology, Population
Echinoderms	Development, Population
Fish	Accumulation, Avoidance, Behavior, Biochemistry, Cell(s), Development, Enzyme(s), Feeding Behavior, Genetics, Growth, Histology, Injury, Intoxication, Morphology, Mortality, Physiology, Population, Reproduction
Insects	Accumulation, Behavior, Biochemistry, Development, Enzyme(s), Genetics, Growth, Intoxication, Mortality, No Effect Coded, Physiology, Population, Reproduction
MarineBenthicCommunity	Development, Mortality, Population
Molluscs	Accumulation, Behavior, Development, Enzyme(s), Growth, Intoxication, Morphology, Mortality, Population, Reproduction
NematodesandFlatworms	Behavior, Immunological, Mortality, Population, Reproduction
Phytoplankton	Accumulation, Biochemistry, Cell(s), Ecosystem Process, Enzyme(s), Growth, Mortality, Physiology, Population
Zooplankton	Accumulation, Avoidance, Behavior, Biochemistry, Cell(s), Development, Enzyme(s), Feeding Behavior, Growth, Hormone(s), Intoxication, Mortality, No Effect Coded, Population, Reproduction
~ Un-Assigned	Accumulation, Behavior, Biochemistry, Cell(s), Development, Enzyme(s), Feeding Behavior, Genetics, Growth, Immunological, Mortality, Physiology, Population, Reproduction
~Un-Assigned	Population
View All Aquatic Ecotoxicity Studies and References

Organism Group	Average Acute Toxicity	Acute Toxicity Range
Summary of Acute Toxicity for Organism Group
Amphibians	Moderately Toxic	Moderate to Very High Toxicity
Annelida	Very Highly Toxic	Very Highly Toxic
Crustaceans	Very Highly Toxic	High to Very High Toxicity
Fish	Highly Toxic	Moderate to Very High Toxicity
Insects	Very Highly Toxic	Moderate to Very High Toxicity
MarineBenthicCommunity	Very Highly Toxic	Very Highly Toxic
Molluscs	Moderately Toxic	Moderate to High Toxicity
NematodesandFlatworms	Moderately Toxic	Moderate to Very High Toxicity
Phytoplankton	Moderately Toxic	Moderate Toxicity
Zooplankton	Moderately Toxic	Slight to Very High Toxicity
~ Un-Assigned	Very Highly Toxic	Moderate to Very High Toxicity
View All Acute Summaries

Terrestrial Ecotoxicity

Organism Group	Average Acute Toxicity	Acute Toxicity Range
Summary of Acute Toxicity for Organism Group
Honeybees	Highly Toxic	Highly Toxic
Note: Population-level effects on honeybees may occur even if a pesticide has low acute toxicity. For example, certain pesticides interfere with honeybee reproduction, ability to navigate, or temperature regulation, any of which can have an effect on long-term survival of honeybee colonies. The neonicotinoids, pyrethroids and keto-enol pesticides are some types of pesticides causing one or more of these effects.

Honeybee Chronic Toxicity
Sorry, no honeybee chronic toxicity data available for this chemical. Try related chemicals.

Related Chemicals for Chlorpyrifos

CAS Number	Relation	Reason	Chemical Name	Chem Detail	Registration	Symptoms	California Use	Chem Use Type	U.S. EPA Reg	PAN Bad Actor
2921-88-2	Parent	P	Chlorpyrifos	View	View	View	View	Insecticide, Nematicide	Yes	Yes
6515-38-4	Related	5a	3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol	View	View	View	View	Breakdown product	No	Not Listed
	Related	5b	Chlorpyrifos methyl oxygen analog	View	View	View	View	Breakdown product	No	Yes
5598-15-2	Related	5b	Chlorpyrifos oxygen analog	View	View	View	View	Insecticide, Breakdown product	No	Yes
5598-13-0	Related	2	Chlorpyrifos-methyl	View	View	View	View	Insecticide	Yes	Yes

Working with the Information on this Page

Click on underlined terms for definitions or go to the Pesticide Tutorial overview page.

Any underlined term with a book icon has additional information.

* Data marked with an asterisk indicates that this chemical is not explicitly listed on the corresponding list. Instead, it belongs to a group of chemicals that IS designated on the list. For example, if an agency assigns a classification of reproductive toxicant to "mercury compounds", that classification is applied to all mercury compounds in the PAN Pesticide database, which are then marked with an asterisk.

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Citation: Kegley, S.E., Hill, B.R., Orme S., Choi A.H., PAN Pesticide Database, Pesticide Action Network, North America (San Francisco, CA, 2010), http:www.pesticideinfo.org. © 2000-2010 Pesticide Action Network, North America. All rights reserved.

PAN Pesticides Database - Chemicals

Chlorpyrifos - Identification, toxicity, use, water pollution potential, ecological toxicity and regulatory information

Chemical Identification and Use for Chlorpyrifos

Basic Identification Information About This Chemical

Additional Resources About This Chemical Class and Use Type

Historical Use of this Chemical

Other Names for this ChemicalAbout Chemical Synonyms

Products Containing This Chemical

Signs and Symptoms of Chlorpyrifos Poisoning

NOTE! There may be other diseases and chemicals that have similar symptoms.

If you have a poisoning emergency in the United States call 1-800-222-1222.If the victim has collapsed or is unconscious, call 911.

Chlorpyrifos is a Organophosphorus compound.

Report a Poisoning

Symptoms of Poisoning with Organophosphorus Compounds

Treatment for Organophosphorus Poisoning

Symptoms of Chlorpyrifos Exposure from the International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC)

Report a Poisoning

NOTE! STRICT HYGIENE! AVOID EXPOSURE OF ADOLESCENTS AND CHILDREN!

Route of Exposure

Symptoms

First Aid

Toxicity Information for Chlorpyrifos

Summary Toxicity Information

Additional Resources about the Toxicity of this Chemical

Detailed Toxicity Information

Acute Toxicity 2

Cancer Information

Endocrine Disruption

Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity

Chemicals of Special Concern

Water Pollution Potential and Criteria for Chlorpyrifos

Water Pollution Potential

Physical Property Data Related to Water Contamination Potential

Water Standards and Criteria

U.S. National Drinking Water Standards and Health Criteria

Canada Drinking Water Standards and Criteria

WHO Water Quality Criteria

Canadian Water Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life

Canadian Water Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Agricultural Water Uses

Regulatory Information for Chlorpyrifos

International Regulatory Status

U.S. and California Regulatory Status

Maximum Tolerance and Residue Levels

Ecotoxicity for Chlorpyrifos

Aquatic Ecotoxicity

All Toxic Effects for Organism Group

Summary of Acute Toxicity for Organism Group

Terrestrial Ecotoxicity

Summary of Acute Toxicity for Organism Group

Honeybee Chronic Toxicity

Related Chemicals for Chlorpyrifos

Other Names for this Chemical
About Chemical Synonyms

If you have a poisoning emergency in the United States call 1-800-222-1222.
If the victim has collapsed or is unconscious, call 911.

Acute Toxicity ²