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Zinc phosphide - Identification, toxicity, use, water pollution potential, ecological toxicity and regulatory information

Note: See Working with the Information on this Page section below for important notes about this data.

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Chemical ID
 Identifying information, including synonyms, ID numbers, use type, chemical classification, a link to a list of all products containing this chemical and a list of the top crops this pesticide is used on in California.
Poisoning Symptoms
 Signs and symptoms of poisoning, first aid, and links to treatment information for this chemical.
Toxicity
 Link to information on toxicity to humans, including carcinogenicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, and acute toxicity.
Regulatory
 Links to world-wide registration status as well as regulatory information for the U.S. and California.
Water
 Water quality standards and physical properties affecting water contamination potential.
Ecotoxicity
 Toxicity to aquatic organisms.
Related Chems
 List of chemicals in the same family, including breakdown products, salts, esters, isomers, and other derivatives.
 

Chemical Identification and Use for Zinc phosphide
Basic Identification Information About This Chemical
Chemical Name: Zinc phosphide
CAS Number: 1314-84-7
U.S. EPA PC Code: 088601
CA DPR Chem Code: 626
Molecular Weight: 258.12
Use Type: Rodenticide
Chem Class: Inorganic-Zinc
View Related Chemicals
 
Additional Resources About This Chemical Class and Use Type

See the Global Pesticide Resources page for many additional links.
Historical Use of this Chemical
Top five crops and sites for this pesticide in California
Artichokes   Alfalfa for Forage   Landscape   Vertebrate Pest Control   Right of Way  
View All Crops and Sites
 
Other Names for this Chemical
About Chemical Synonyms
00626 (CA DPR Chem Code Text) , 00626 (CA DPR Chem Code) , 088601 (US EPA PC Code Text) , 1314-84-7 (CAS number) , 1314847 , 1314847 (CAS number without hyphens) , 626 (CA DPR Chem Code) , 626 (CA DPR Chem Code) , 88601 (US EPA PC Code) , Zinc phosphide , Zinc phosphide (Zn3P2) , Zincphosphide , Zink phosphid , Zink-phosphide , Zinkphosphid
 
Products Containing This Chemical
Current and historic U.S. registered products
View U.S. Products All Products Currently Registered Products
 

Signs and Symptoms of Zinc phosphide Poisoning

NOTE! There may be other diseases and chemicals that have similar symptoms.

If you have a poisoning emergency in the United States call 1-800-222-1222.
If the victim has collapsed or is unconscious, call 911.

Zinc phosphide is a Phosphine compound.

Report a Poisoning
Symptoms of Poisoning with Phosphine Compounds
Find Products Containing this Chemical

- Burning of the skin and eyes.
- Headache, cough, tightness and pain in the chest, shortness of breath, dizziness, lethargy, and stupor.
- Fatigue, muscle pain, chills, tremors, incoordination, seizures, and coma may be seen.
- Pulmonary edema and cardiac arrhythmias are common.
- Gastrointestinal symptoms include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
- Renal (kidney) damage, hepatic (liver) damage, and jaundice may also occur.
- Effects may be delayed for several hours.

Source for Group Symptoms: Emergency First Aid Treatment Guide, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. July 2003.
Treatment for Phosphine Poisoning

See: Emergency First Aid Treatment Guide, U.S. Enviromental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. July 2003.

 
Symptoms of Zinc phosphide Exposure from the International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC)

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View full ICSC Cards: English   Español   Française   Chinese   Dutch   Finnish   German   Hungarian   Japanese   Swahili   Thai   Urdu  
NOTE! PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! STRICT HYGIENE!

Route of Exposure

Symptoms

First Aid
Inhalation Cough. Diarrhoea. Headache. Fatigue. Nausea. Vomiting. Fresh air rest. Half-upright position. Refer for medical attention.
Skin Burning sensation. Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.
Eyes Pain. Photophobia. First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible) then take to a doctor.
Ingestion Abdominal pain. Cough. Diarrhoea. Dizziness. Headache. Laboured breathing. Nausea. Unconsciousness. Vomiting. Ataxia. Fatigue. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Induce vomiting (ONLY IN CONSCIOUS PERSONS!). Refer for medical attention. See Notes.
Notes for ICSC Information
If a patient is made to vomit after ingestion collect the vomitus in a plastic bag to prevent emission of phosphine. Reacts violently with fire extinguishing agents such as water and carbon dioxide. Depending on the degree of exposure periodic medical examination is indicated. The symptoms of lung oedema often do not become manifest until a few hours have passed and they are aggravated by physical effort. Rest and medical observation are therefore essential. Immediate administration of an appropriate spray by a doctor or a person authorized by him/her should be considered. Blue-ox Gopha-rid Kilrat Mous-Con Phosvin Ratol Rumetan and Zinc-Tox are trade names. Also consult ICSC 0694 for Phosphine.
Symptoms of Zinc phosphide Exposure from Other Sources

- Nausea, abdominal pain, tightness in the chest, excitement, agitation, and chills.
- Labored breathing, shock, halted urine output, metabolic acidosis, muscle cramps, and convulsions.
- The compound's caustic action may cause the esophagus to close.
- Inhalation of zinc phosphide dust is followed in several hours by vomiting, diarrhea, bluing of the skin, rapid pulse, fever, and shock.
- The vomitus, feces, and sometimes the breath may have a decaying fish odor. Highly toxic phosphine gas may evolve from vomitus and feces of victim.

Source for Symptoms: Emergency First Aid Treatment Guide, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. July 2003. (US EPA Other)

First Aid for Zinc phosphide Poisoning

For Inhalation
- Move victim to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to zinc phosphide.
- Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.
- Rush to a health care facility.
- Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures.
For Skin and Eyes
- Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to zinc phosphide.
- Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.
- Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.
- If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
- Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.
- Rush to a health care facility.
- Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures.
For Ingestion
- Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or respiratory support.
- Rush to a health care facility.
- Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures.
- DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING or attempt to neutralize.

Source for First Aid: Emergency First Aid Treatment Guide, U.S. Enviromental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. July 2003. (US EPA Other)

Treatment for Zinc phosphide Poisoning

See: Recognition and Management of Pesticide Poisoning, 5th edition, U.S. EPA (EPA R&M)

 
 

Toxicity Information for Zinc phosphide

  Note: Information for many chemicals is incomplete and may not be fully representative of effects on humans. Why?

Summary Toxicity Information

PAN Bad Actor
Chemical 1 		Acute
Toxicity 2 		Carcinogen Cholinesterase
Inhibitor 		Ground
Water Contaminant 		Developmental or
Reproductive Toxin 		Endocrine
Disruptor
No
 
Indicates high toxicity in the given toxicological category. Indicates no available weight-of-the-evidence summary assessment. For additional information on toxicity from scientific journals or registration documents, see the "Additional Resources for Toxicity " section of the chemical detail page.
1. PAN Bad Actors are chemicals that are one or more of the following: highly acutely toxic, cholinesterase inhibitor, known/probable carcinogen, known groundwater pollutant or known reproductive or developmental toxicant. NOTE! Because there are no authoritative lists of Endocrine Disrupting (ED) chemicals, EDs are not yet considered PAN Bad Actor chemicals.
2. The acute toxicity reported on this page is of the pure chemical ingredient only and may not reflect the acute toxicity of individual pesticide products. To view acute toxicity of individual products, click on 'View Products' link in the 'Chemical Identification' section above.

Additional Resources about the Toxicity of this Chemical

See the Global Pesticide Resources page for many additional links.

Detailed Toxicity Information
This Chemical
Parent Chemical 
Acute Toxicity 2
 Zinc phosphide Phosphine
WHO Acute Hazard
TRI Acute Hazard
Material Safety Data Sheets
Acute rating from U.S. EPA product label
U.S. NTP Acute Toxicity Studies
      View Studies
Cholinesterase Inhibitor		 Ib, Highly Hazardous
Not Listed
Not Available
Highly Toxic
Highly Toxic

No 		Fumigant, not classified, b
Yes
Not Available
No Consensus Value
Moderately Toxic

No
2. The acute toxicity reported on this page is of the pure chemical ingredient only and may not reflect the acute toxicity of individual pesticide products. To view acute toxicity of individual products, click on 'View Products' link in the 'Chemical Identification' section above.
 
Cancer Information
 Zinc phosphide Phosphine
IARC Carcinogens
U.S. NTP Carcinogens
California Prop 65 Known Carcinogens
U.S. EPA Carcinogens
TRI Carcinogen		 Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
No data available
Not Listed		 Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
D, Unclassifiable, inadequate data
Not Listed
 
Endocrine Disruption
 Zinc phosphide Phosphine
Illinois EPA list
Keith list
Colborn list
Benbrook list
Danish Inert list
EU list		 Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed		 Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
 
Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity
 Zinc phosphide Phosphine
CA Prop 65 Developmental Toxin
U.S. TRI Developmental Toxin
CA Prop 65 Female Reproductive Toxin
CA Prop 65 Male Reproductive Toxin
U.S. TRI Reproductive Toxin 		Not Listed
Yes
Not Listed
Not Listed
Yes 		Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
 
Chemicals of Special Concern
 Zinc phosphide Phosphine
PAN Bad Actors
PAN Dirty Dozen list		 Yes
Not Listed		 Not Listed
Not Listed
 

Water Pollution Potential and Criteria for Zinc phosphide

Water Pollution Potential

This Chemical
Parent Chemical
  Zinc phosphide Phosphine
PAN Ground Water Contaminant Rating Insufficient Data Insufficient Data
 

Sorry, no water quality standards or criteria have been established for this chemical by the U.S. or Canadian governments; however, there may be criteria established for related chemicals.
 

Regulatory Information for Zinc phosphide

International Regulatory Status
This Chemical
Parent Chemical 
Registration in Selected Countries Registration in Selected Countries:
Zinc phosphide
 Registration for Selected Countries:
Phosphine
 
UNEP Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP)
UNEP Prior Informed Consent Chemical (PIC)
WHO Obsolete Pesticide		 Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed		 Not Listed
Not Listed
Not Listed
 

U.S. and California Regulatory Status
U.S. EPA Registered
U.S. EPA Hazardous Air Pollutant
U.S. EPA Minimum Risk Pesticide (25b list)

CA Registered
CA Groundwater Contaminant
CA Toxic Air Contaminant 		Yes
Not Listed
No

Yes
Not Listed
HAPTAC, Pesti 		Yes
Yes
No

Yes
Not Listed
HAPTAC, Pesti
 

Maximum Tolerance and Residue Levels
Codex Alimentarius
   (UN FAO Maximum Residue Limits)
U.S. Maximum Tolerance Levels
European Union Maximum Residue Levels 		Go to web site

Go to web site
Go to web site
 

Ecotoxicity for Zinc phosphide

Note! Information for many chemicals is incomplete and may not be fully representative of effects on the environment. Why? Click on underlined terms for definitions and additional information.

Aquatic Ecotoxicity
All Toxic Effects for Organism Group
Organism Group Effects Noted

No effects noted for this chemical. Try related chemicals.
 
Summary of Acute Toxicity for Organism Group

Sorry, no acute aquatic ecotoxicity data available for this chemical. Try related chemicals.
 

Terrestrial Ecotoxicity
Summary of Acute Toxicity for Organism Group

Sorry, no honeybee acute toxicity data available for this chemical. Try related chemicals.

Note: Population-level effects on honeybees may occur even if a pesticide has low acute toxicity. For example, certain pesticides interfere with honeybee reproduction, ability to navigate, or temperature regulation, any of which can have an effect on long-term survival of honeybee colonies. The neonicotinoids, pyrethroids and keto-enol pesticides are some types of pesticides causing one or more of these effects.
Honeybee Chronic Toxicity

Sorry, no honeybee chronic toxicity data available for this chemical. Try related chemicals.

Related Chemicals for Zinc phosphide
CAS Number Relation Reason Chemical Name Chem Detail Registration Symptoms California Use Chem Use Type U.S. EPA Reg PAN Bad Actor
7803-51-2 Parent P Phosphine View View View View Fumigant, Insecticide Yes Not Listed
20859-73-8 Related 1 Aluminum phosphide View View View View Fumigant, Fungicide Yes Yes
1305-99-3 Related 1 Calcium phosphide (Ca3P2) View View View View Rodenticide No Not Listed
12057-74-8 Related 1 Magnesium phosphide View View View View Fumigant, Rodenticide Yes Not Listed
1314-84-7 Related 1 Zinc phosphide View View View View Rodenticide Yes Yes
 
Working with the Information on this Page

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* Data marked with an asterisk indicates that this chemical is not explicitly listed on the corresponding list. Instead, it belongs to a group of chemicals that IS designated on the list. For example, if an agency assigns a classification of reproductive toxicant to "mercury compounds", that classification is applied to all mercury compounds in the PAN Pesticide database, which are then marked with an asterisk.

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Citation: Kegley, S.E., Hill, B.R., Orme S., Choi A.H., PAN Pesticide Database, Pesticide Action Network, North America (San Francisco, CA, 2010), http:www.pesticideinfo.org.
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